Psychophysical estimates of the relative
numbers of L- and M-cones Psychophysical estimates of the relative
numbers of L- and M-cones
Method Assumption Study Mean ratio Range of
(L/M cones) ratios
Photopic ompares the De Vries (1947) --- 0.59 - 4.0
luminosity relative numbers
function of red and green Vos & Walraven 2.0 ---
cones required (1971)
to fit an
individual or a Walraven (1974) 2.0 ---
standard flicker
photometric Smith & Pokorny 1.6 ---
function (1975)
Smith & Pokorny --- 0.50 - 10.0
(1989)
Spectral acuity compares visual Brindley (1954) << 1.0
acuities for
heterochromatic Kelly (1973) << 1.0
gratings
Fundal compares the Rushton & Baker 1.0 0.33 - 3.00
reflectometry optical (1964)
densities of the
L- and M-cone
pigments at 535
nm, following
selective
bleaches
Weber fractions compares the Vos & Walraven 1.64 ---
Weber fractions (1971)
for Stiles's red
and green
¹-mechanisms
Spectral compares the Walraven (1974) 2.0 ---
sensitivity relative heights
functions of the spectral
sensitivity
functions of the
cone primaries
Point source relates the Cicerone & 2:07 1.46 - 2.36
detection steepness of the Nerger (1989)
psychometric
functions to the Vimal et al. 2.8 1.6 - 4.0
cone numbers (1989)
contributing to 2:0 1.3 - 2.5
detection Cicerone et al.
(1994)
Human ERG compares the Shapley & >> 1.0 ---
amplitudes of Brodie (1993)
the isolated L-
and M-cone ERG
responses
ReferencesBrindley, G.S. (1954). The order of coincidence required for visual threshold. Proceedings of the Physical Society, London B 67, 673-676.
Cicerone, C.M. & Nerger, J.L. (1989). The relative numbers of long-wavelength-sensitive to middle-wavelength-sensitive cones in the human fovea centralis. Vision Research 29, 115-128.
Cicerone, C.M., Gowdy, P.D. & Otake, S. (1994). Composition and arrangement of the cone mosaic in the living human eye. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science 35 (supplement), 1571.
De Vries, H.L. (1947). The heredity of the relative numbers of red and green receptors in the human eye. Genetica 24, 199-212.
Kelly (1974). Spatio-temporal frequency characteristics of color-vision mechanisms. Journal of Physiology, London, 228, 55.
Rushton, W.A.H. & Baker, H.D. (1964). Red/green sensitivity in normal vision. Vision Research 4, 75-85.
Shapley, R.M. & Brodie, S. (1993). Responses of human ERG to rapid color exchange: implications for M/L cone ration. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science 34 (supplement), 911.
Smith, V.C. & Pokorny, J. (1975). Spectral sensitivity of the foveal cone photopigments between 400 and 500 nm. Vision Research 15, 161-171.
Smith, V.C. & Pokorny, J. (1989). In: Proceedings of the AIC Wyszecki & Stiles Memorial Symposium on Colour Vision Models.
Vimal, R.L., Pokorny, J., Smith, V.C. & Shevell, S.K. (1989). Foveal cone thresholds. Vision Research 29, 61-78.
Vos, J.J. & Walraven, P.L. (1971). On the derivation of the foveal receptor primaries. Vision Research 11, 799-818.
Walraven, P.L. (1974). A closer look at the tritanopic convergence point. Vision Research 14, 1339-1343.
